Taxes & compliance · 3 min read

Owner-Operator Taxes: A Plain-English Guide

As an owner-operator you are the business and the employee. That means extra tax, quarterly payments and some valuable deductions.

Quarterly estimated tax due dates April 15, June 15, September 15 and January 15, and a bar showing how to set aside tax from $1,000 of profit
Federal estimated tax due dates. Your state may have its own.

Self-employment tax

Self-employed drivers pay both halves of Social Security and Medicare: 15.3% on 92.35% of net profit, on top of income tax. You can deduct half of it when working out income tax. The owner-operator income calculator estimates both.

Quarterly estimated payments

No employer withholds tax for you, so the IRS expects payments during the year if you'll owe $1,000 or more. Federal due dates:

Income earnedPayment due
Jan 1 – Mar 31April 15
Apr 1 – May 31June 15
Jun 1 – Aug 31September 15
Sep 1 – Dec 31January 15 (next year)

A simple habit: move 25–30% of each settlement's profit into a separate tax account.

Common deductions

  • Fuel, maintenance, repairs and tires
  • Truck depreciation or lease payments, and loan interest
  • Insurance premiums
  • Per diem for meals: 80% of $80 a day in 2026. See the per diem guide.
  • ELD, phone, load boards, software and accounting fees
  • Permits, IRP, IFTA, UCR and Form 2290 heavy vehicle use tax
  • Tolls, scales, parking and truck washes

Records

Keep every receipt and settlement statement, and use a separate business bank account. Good records make IFTA, per diem and audits much easier.

Get help

A tax professional who works with truckers usually pays for themselves. Use HaulNumbers to estimate, then confirm with a pro.

General information, not tax advice. Rules change, so check current IRS guidance.

Common questions

How much should an owner-operator save for taxes?

Many set aside 25–30% of net profit to cover self-employment and income tax.

When are quarterly taxes due?

April 15, June 15, September 15 and January 15.